RBI Retail Direct: How It Works, Minimum Investment and Rates

RBI Retail Direct is the Reserve Bank of India’s free portal for buying government securities directly: G-Secs, state government bonds (SDLs) and T-Bills. The minimum investment is ₹10,000. At the 4 Nov 2026 auction, retail investors got 5.89% on 91-day T-Bills and 6.63% on 364-day T-Bills. This guide covers how it works, today’s rates, how safe it is, and how it differs from a broker or OBPP.

Not the same thing as RetailBonds.in. RBI Retail Direct is the Reserve Bank of India’s own portal for buying government securities. RetailBonds.in is an independent research and screening site: we do not sell bonds, hold money or route orders. This page explains how Retail Direct works so you can decide where to go.

What is RBI Retail Direct?

RBI Retail Direct is a free investment portal launched by the Reserve Bank of India in November 2021. It lets individual retail investors buy and hold Central Government Securities (G-Secs), State Development Loans (SDLs), and Treasury Bills (T-Bills) directly — without a broker, without a demat account, and without paying any distribution fee.

As of April 2026, the account base had crossed 361,402 accounts, growing 54% year on year. Secondary market volumes on the platform’s NDS-OM Retail link nearly tripled to ₹9,167 crore in April 2026 from ₹2,322 crore a year earlier. The platform is gaining traction, particularly among salaried investors looking for an FD alternative.

Minimum investment

The minimum is ₹10,000 face value for G-Secs, SDLs and T-Bills alike, and you add in multiples of ₹10,000. In an auction you bid an amount, not a price. Opening and keeping the account is free: RBI charges no account fee, and you pay only the bank or payment-gateway charge, if any, when you fund a purchase.

Interest rates today

T-Bills are auctioned every Wednesday. A Retail Direct bid is non-competitive, so you get the auction’s weighted average yield:

New G-Secs are auctioned most Fridays, each at its own yield. For a sense of the level, these are yields on government bonds that traded on NSE on 11 Nov 2026, by time to maturity:

From RBI auction results and NSE trades, updated after each auction and trading day. See the full G-Sec yield curve and T-Bill auction history. A past yield is not a promise of what the next auction will set.

What you can invest in

Through Retail Direct, you can invest in:

• Central Government Securities (G-Secs): Fixed-coupon dated securities issued by the Government of India. Tenors range from a few months to 50+ years. Backed by the sovereign — no credit risk.
• State Development Loans (SDLs): Bonds issued by state governments. Also sovereign-backed (state government guarantee), typically yielding 20–40 basis points above comparable G-Secs.
• Treasury Bills (T-Bills): Zero-coupon instruments issued at a discount for tenors of 91, 182, or 364 days. Essentially short-term sovereign paper.

What you cannot invest in through Retail Direct: Corporate bonds, NCDs, or any non-sovereign instrument. For those, you need a broker or a SEBI-registered OBPP.

A note on Sovereign Gold Bonds (SGBs): the SGB series was historically available through Retail Direct, but the Government of India paused new SGB issuances from FY2024. Existing series trade in the secondary market on BSE and NSE.

How it differs from a broker or OBPP

Is it safe?

RBI runs the portal, and what you buy is a debt of the Government of India or a state government, so the risk of not being repaid is the lowest available in India. Your holdings sit in a Retail Direct Gilt (RDG) account at RBI itself, not with a broker. Two risks remain. If you sell before maturity, the price can be lower than you paid when market yields have risen since you bought. And a long-dated G-Sec locks in its coupon for years, which may trail inflation or future rates. Holding to maturity removes the first risk; matching the maturity to when you need the money handles the second.

Step-by-step: opening an account

Opening a Retail Direct Gilt (RDG) account takes approximately 15 minutes online. You need:

1. PAN card (mandatory)
2. Aadhaar-linked mobile number (for OTP)
3. A savings bank account with UPI or net banking enabled (for payment)
4. Eligible status: Indian resident, or NRI/OCI with an eligible bank account

Go to rbiretaildirect.org.in, complete the online KYC, and link your bank account. Accounts are approved within a few working days.

How you actually invest

Primary market (auctions): The Government of India auctions G-Secs weekly (Fridays, typically). T-Bills are auctioned every Wednesday for 91-day, 182-day, and 364-day tenors. SDL auctions happen periodically through the year. Retail investors participate on a non-competitive basis — you specify the amount, and you receive the weighted average auction yield (you don’t bid a price). Minimum investment: ₹10,000 for G-Secs; ₹10,000 for T-Bills.

Secondary market (NDS-OM Retail): You can buy and sell existing G-Secs through the NDS-OM Retail interface within your Retail Direct portal. This is the same market used by institutional participants for odd-lot trades. Liquidity on on-the-run G-Secs is reasonable; off-the-run securities may have wider spreads.

The 2025 auto-bidding feature

In August 2025, the RBI introduced SIP-style auto-bidding for T-Bills through Retail Direct. You can set up a standing instruction to participate in weekly T-Bill auctions automatically — specify the tenor (91/182/364 days) and the maximum amount, and the system places non-competitive bids on your behalf each week. This effectively turns T-Bills into a low-friction, sovereign-backed, short-duration instrument you can deploy idle cash into on a regular schedule.

When Retail Direct is right (and when it isn’t)

Retail Direct is the better choice when:

• Your mandate is sovereign-only (no credit risk)
• You want to avoid all distribution fees and brokerage
• You are building a retirement income ladder with long-dated G-Secs
• You want to use T-Bills as a high-quality, short-duration cash substitute
• You are comfortable with the NDS-OM interface for secondary trades

A broker or SEBI-registered OBPP is better when:

• You want exposure to corporate bonds, NCDs, or PSU bonds (not available on Retail Direct)
• You need higher-yield instruments and are willing to take on credit risk
• You prefer an exchange order book over NDS-OM for secondary trades
• Your demat account is already operational and you want to consolidate holdings

Common questions

Is the interest taxable? Yes. Coupon income from G-Secs and SDLs is taxable as income at your applicable slab rate. Capital gains on sale before maturity are taxable under the post-July-2024 capital gains framework. Verify current rules and your specific situation with a chartered accountant — tax rules change.

Can I exit before maturity? Yes, through the NDS-OM Retail secondary market. Liquidity is workable for on-the-run securities in odd lots (₹10,000 multiples). For off-the-run securities and larger amounts, spreads may be wider.

What’s the minimum investment? ₹10,000 (₹10,000 multiples thereafter).

Can NRIs invest? Yes, eligible NRIs and OCIs with the appropriate bank account type can open an RDG account.

What happens if I miss an auction? Nothing — you simply participate in the next one. Auctions are regular and frequent.

Where to go from here

• RBI Retail Direct official portal →
• Treasury Bills in India (91 / 182 / 364-day) →
• G-Sec vs SDL vs T-Bill differences →
• FD vs G-Sec vs Corporate Bond compared →
• SGB Tracker — secondary-market prices →
• Browse G-Secs in the screener →
• How we source this data →